Hierarchical sequential testing skin#

This suggests the remarkable simultaneous anti-wetting and anti-fouling property of Janus membranes, which possess great potential in water reclamation for challenging hypersaline oily wastewaters. Once applied in the MD process, with soybean-oil-in-saline-water emulsions as feed, this Janus membrane exhibited stable and excellent desalination performance with a high flux and nearly perfect salt rejection, whereas both the commercial and superhydrophobic membranes failed from oil contaminating. Secondary end points were objective response rate (ORR), safety, and quality of life.

Hierarchical sequential testing skin#

Further, this Janus skin exhibited good integrity and strong adhesion with the substrate, and due to its underlying superhydrophobicity and slightly decreased pore size, the hierarchical Janus membrane possessed a greatly enhanced liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw). Progression-free survival (PFS), PFS2, and overall survival (OS) were sequentially analyzed as primary end points according to a hierarchical sequential testing method. At the same time, the top hierarchical-structured hydrophilic coating was composed of PAN beaded nanofilaments, rendering an intriguing in-air hydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity which benefited from the loose packing state of the interconnected beads and nanofibers. The bottom superhydrophobic layer was obtained by incorporating octaphenylsilsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles into PVDF carriers to construct a multiscale rough surface via electrospraying. In this study, a sequential electrospray method was introduced to impart a dual-layered superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic Janus skin onto a commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate. Stats in Medicine Accepted 28 August 2009 (pulished online).

Hierarchical testing of multiple endpoints in group-sequential trials. Membrane wetting and fouling issues are two major obstacles which hinder the practical application of membrane distillation (MD). Group Sequential or Adaptive Clinical Trials.